The JAMA Network
Cancer treatment can cause physical, emotional, and
mental changes that are difficult, sometimes impossible, to discuss with
loved ones. Surgical scars and changes in weight and physical
appearance can decrease confidence and induce anxiety. Body image also
changes during treatment, with different effects on men and women. The
most common physical changes are hair loss, fatigue, skin dryness,
swelling of the face, legs, and arms, weight loss, weight gain, scars
from surgery, skin discoloration from irradiation, and bowel and bladder
changes. Some women experience early menopause after starting
chemotherapy. Understanding how chemotherapeutic drugs, surgical
treatment, and radiotherapy can affect a person is important to prepare
for the physical changes that may take place during treatment.
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