Results. Participants preferred results presented as
words, supplemented by numbers in a table. There was a lack of
understanding
regarding the difference between a review and an
individual study, that the effect is rarely an exact number, that
evidence
can be of low or high quality, and that level of
quality is a separate issue from intervention effect.
Conclusion. Through testing and iteration the authors identified and addressed several problems, using explanations, rephrasing, and symbols to present scientific concepts. Other problems remain, including how best to present confidence intervals and continuous outcomes. Future research should also test information elements in combination rather than in isolation. The new Plain Language Summary format is being evaluated in a randomized controlled trial.
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