Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) continues to be the most lethal
gynecologic malignancy. Efforts to personalize chemotherapy treatments
by utilizing in vitro tumor assays to predict chemotherapeutic response
have been tested in both the primary and recurrent treatment setting. To
date, several retrospective studies have suggested improved response
rates to predicted chemotherapeutic agents. However, a prospective,
controlled trial merely found equivalence between in vitro prediction
and empirical treatment selection. This review summarizes the current
data regarding in vitro directed chemotherapy in EOC.
Conclusions: In vitro chemotherapy sensitivity and resistance testing may still hold
promise for clinical decision-making, improved survival, and limiting
unnecessary toxicity in the treatment of EOC. Given the current
limitations and lack of randomized, controlled results, these assays are
best used in the setting of a clinical trial.
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