Fertility-Sparing Surgery for Young Women with Early-Stage Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Abstract

Background/Aims: To discuss the latest findings on oncologic and reproductive outcomes of fertility-sparing surgery in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and to suggest proper indications for this treatment. Methods: A search of Medline database was performed for articles dealing with fertility-sparing surgery for EOC published in the English literature between January 1, 1969, and October 1, 2012.
Results: To date, 918 patients with EOC underwent fertility-sparing surgery; 109 (11.9%) had disease recurrence and 48 (5.2%) died of disease. Retrospective studies suggest that fertility-sparing surgery may be safely performed in young women with a strong desire to preserve fertility and with nonclear cell histology, FIGO stage IA, IC and grade 1-2 disease or clear cell histology and FIGO stage IA disease. To date, 177 patients have succeeded in achieving 242 pregnancies, resulting in 214 term (88%) and 1 preterm (0.4%) births. Miscarriage rate was about 10% (25/242) and ectopic pregnancy rate was 0.8% (2/242) after fertility-sparing surgery. No congenital anomaly has been reported.
Conclusions: Although randomized controlled trials have yet to be performed, many studies have suggested that fertility-sparing surgery is safe, with promising reproductive outcomes. Cautious selection of patients is important because of 5.2% mortality and 11% recurrence after this surgery.