Physiopathological factors affecting the diagnostic value of serum HE4-test for gynecologic malignancies Ovarian Cancer and Us OVARIAN CANCER and US Ovarian Cancer and Us

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Friday, October 28, 2016

Physiopathological factors affecting the diagnostic value of serum HE4-test for gynecologic malignancies



Physiopathological factors affecting the diagnostic value of serum HE4-test for gynecologic malignancies


Introduction: Serum epididymis protein 4 (HE4) represents a useful biomarker for the management of ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer patients. However, HE4 levels are affected by many physiopathological conditions or disorders that should be taken into consideration for an efficient application of this biomarker.
Areas covered: The review provides an up-to-date reference on the multiple physiopathological factors that cause fluctuation of HE4 serum levels, and evaluates their impact on HE4-test in clinical settings. Potential mechanisms underlying the regulation of HE4 expression are also discussed. The review is based on data from literature search of PubMed and the author’s opinions.

Expert commentary: Studies have shown that physiopathological factors such as age, infection/inflammation, renal function, menopause and hormonal levels impose significant impacts on HE4 serum levels. HE4 amount shed into the circulation is related to HE4 expression and secretion by tumor as well as normal tissues, which is affected by cancer heterogeneity, vascular permeability, renal clearance and HE4 degradation. Investigation on interfering factors builds a basis for the construction of a quantitative logarithm for individualized application of HE4-test in clinical settings.
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Pathophysiology or physiopathology is a convergence of pathology with physiology. Pathology is the medical discipline that describes conditions typically observed during a disease state, whereas physiology is the biological discipline that describes processes or mechanisms operating within an organism.

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