Tuesday, July 20, 2010
Weight, Physical Activity, Diet, and Prognosis in Breast and Gynecologic Cancers --JCO (abstract)
ABSTRACT
Diet, physical activity, and weight may affect prognosis among women who are diagnosed with breast or gynecologic cancer. Observational studies show associations between being overweight or obese and weight gain with several measures of reduced prognosis in women with breast cancer and some suggestion of poor prognosis in underweight women. Observational studies have shown an association between higher levels of physical activity and improved breast cancer–specific and all-cause mortality, although a dose-response relationship has not been established. One large randomized controlled trial reported increased disease-free survival after a mean of 5 years in patients with breast cancer randomly assigned to a low-fat diet versus control. However, another trial of similar size found no effect from a high vegetable/fruit, low-fat diet on breast cancer prognosis. The few reported studies suggest that obesity negatively affects endometrial cancer survival, while the limited data are mixed for associations of weight with ovarian cancer prognosis. Insufficient data exist for assessing associations of weight, physical activity, or diet with prognosis in other gynecologic cancers. Associations of particular micronutrient intake and alcohol use with prognosis are not defined for any of these cancers. The effects of dietary weight loss and increase in physical activity on survival or recurrence in breast and gynecologic cancers are not yet established, and randomized controlled trials are needed for definitive data.
A review of PARP inhibitors: from bench to bedside — Ann Oncol
Conclusion: PARP inhibitors show promise as a powerful therapeutic tool, especially in the management of BRCA-associated breast and ovarian cancers but also in tumours where BRCA genes may be dysfunctional. Clinical studies are ongoing and many translational questions remain unanswered that will help clarify how to determine the best way to use PARP inhibitors.
abstract: Cochrane Collaboration review: DNA-repair pathway inhibitors for the treatment of ovarian cancer (PARP inhibitors)
"Our objective was to compare effectiveness and side effects of PARP inhibitors compared to conventional chemotherapy in women with ovarian cancer. The identification of a safe dose of AZD2281 (a PARP inhibitor) has been found by small non randomised trials, with encouraging results. For ovarian cancer, there are currently two ongoing RCTs, but outcome data are not yet available. Results of these trials are awaited to determine if DNA repair inhibitors have a role in addition to conventional chemotherapy in the treatment of ovarian cancer."
Main results
The search strategy identified 473 unique references of which 461 were excluded on the basis of title and abstract. The remaining 12 articles were retrieved in full, but none satisfied the inclusion criteria. However, two ongoing randomised phase II clinical trials were identified from the clinical trials databases that met our inclusion criteria, but no preliminary data were available.
Authors' conclusions
There are to date no published RCT data on the effectiveness and side effects of DNA-repair pathways inhibitors used alone or in association with conventional chemotherapy in the treatment of ovarian cancer. On-going trials have been identified and results are awaited and will be included in future updates of this review.
Identifying Adverse Drug Reactions Associated with Drug-Drug Interactions: patient/drug safety
Conclusions: This study validates that spontaneous reporting, despite its limitations, can be an important resource for detecting ADRs associated with the concomitant use of interacting drugs. Moreover, our data confirm that DDIs could be a real problem in clinical practice, showing that more than one in five patients exposed to a potential DDI (drug-drug-interaction) experienced a related ADR (adverse drug reaction).
Overcoming TRAIL resistance in ovarian carcinoma
CONCLUSION: Continued efforts with combination therapy designed to target multiple steps in apoptotic pathways may not only improve the efficacy of TRAIL-mediated therapies, but may also improve quality of life for ovarian cancer patients by reducing toxicity associated with cancer therapy.
abstract: Measuring the effect of including multiple cancers in survival analyses using data from the Canadian Cancer Registry
Background: In survival analyses using cancer registry data, second and subsequent primary cancers diagnosed in individuals are typically excluded.
Conclusion: Inclusion of second and subsequent primary cancers in the analysis tended to lower estimates of relative survival, the extent of which varied by cancer and age and depended in part on the proportion of first primary cancers.
Monday, July 19, 2010
Saturday, July 17, 2010
Abstract/full acess: Hypertension and hand-foot skin reactions related to VEGFR2 genotype and improved clinical outcome following bevacizumab and sorafenib
Background: Hypertension (HT) and hand-foot skin reactions (HFSR) may be related to the activity of bevacizumab and sorafenib. We hypothesized that these toxicities would correspond to favorable outcome in these drugs, that HT and HFSR would coincide, and that VEGFR2 genotypic variation would be related to toxicity and clinical outcomes.
METHODS
Patients and treatment
The analyses were performed on genomic DNA from 178 patients (143 males and 35 females) with solid tumors who received sorafenib (VEGFR2 inhibitor) and/or bevacizumab (anti-VEGF) with or without other agents....cont'd (excerpt from pdf file)
Conclusions: This study suggests that HT and HFSR may be markers for favorable clinical outcome, HT development may be a marker for HFSR, and VEGFR2 alleles may be related to the development of toxicities during therapy with bevacizumab and/or sorafenib.
Drug Watch a heads-up on pharmaceuticals in late-stage development
New drugs Product type/proposed indication FDA status/notes
abagovomab
Menarini Group
an anti-idiotype antibody, able to mimic a tumor antigen
highly expressed by ovarian cancer cells/used to prevent
or delay the tumor relapse in patients whose disease
responded to the first-line chemotherapy by activating
an immune response toward cancer cells
phase 2/3
karenitecin/BNP1350
BioNumerick Pharmecuticals
in the camptothecin class of chemotherapy drugs/
treatment of advanced ovarian cancer
phase 3
pazopanib (Votrient)
GlaxoSmithKline
multi-kinase angiogenesis inhibitor/maintenance therapy
for the treatment of ovarian cancer
phase 3
references/sources:
Friday, July 16, 2010
Cancer Statistics, 2010. now online (U.S.)
Statistics
Now Published Online!
Cancer Statistics, 2010
View the Abstract or read the full-text PDF today!
Ovary incident rate: 21,880
Cancer Statistics, 2010
View the Abstract or read the full-text PDF today!
Ovary incident rate: 21,880
Ovary deaths 13,850
http://cacancerjournal.org/
in research: Magnetic nanoparticles remove ovarian cancer cells from the abdominal cavity
| (Nanowerk News) A major complicating factor in the treatment of ovarian cancer is that malignant cells are often shed into the patient's abdominal cavity. These cells can then spread to other tissues, seeding new tumors that make effective therapy difficult. To overcome this problem, researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology created magnetic nanoparticles that can selectively bind to and remove ovarian tumor cells from abdominal cavity fluid. John F. McDonald led the research team that reported their work in the journal Nanomedicine ("Selective removal of ovarian cancer cells from human ascites fluid using magnetic nanoparticles"). | |
| Research by other investigators had identified a protein known as EphA2 as a highly selective marker for free-floating ovarian cancer cells. Dr. McDonald and his collaborators coated magnetic cobalt-iron oxide nanoparticles with a molecular mimic of the natural ligand for this protein, a molecule known as ephrin-A1, to serve as a trap for ovarian cancer cells floating in ascites fluid, the liquid found in the intestinal cavity. The idea behind this approach is that the nanoparticles could be added to ascites fluid and then trapped with a magnetic, removing any ovarian cancer cells that had bound to the eprhin-A1 mimic. | |
| They first tested their nanoparticles using ascites fluid from mice with human ovarian tumors and found that they could trap free-floating tumor cells using magnetic separation. They then repeated this experiment using ascites fluid obtained from four women with ovarian cancer, and again showed that they could remove all of the EphA2-positive cells from the intestinal fluid samples. The researchers suggest that these nanoparticles could be used in a system that removes ascites fluid from the intestinal cavity, using a relatively non-invasive method akin to dialysis, in conjunction with standard ovarian cancer therapy. |
repost: full text Angiogenesis Inhibitors: Current Strategies and Future Prospects
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
, and c-kit
and -The Big Flap About Pathway Genomics and Walgreen's: Topol on Genomics
A few weeks ago, Pathway Genomics, a consumer genomics company, had planned to have its saliva kits at all US Walgreen's drug stores. The FDA put a stop to it. Congress is now investigating the matter. What is going on here?
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/12/health/12genome.html?scp=1&sq=pathway%20genomics&st=cse
Search of: parp | Open Studies - List Results - ClinicalTrials.gov
Found 33 studies with search of: parp | Open Studies
Second primary cancers following borderline ovarian tumors (abstract)
Note: (in the abstract) the onset of a basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid (genetics?)
CONCLUSIONS: These findings do not suggest increased risk of subsequent cancers in patients with BOT. However, population-based studies are needed for evaluating exact risk of developing second primary malignancies in women with BOTs
A double-blind, randomized trial of pyridoxine versus placebo for the prevention of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin-related hand-foot syndrome in gyne
Blogger's Note: in the absence of full access to the article, this conclusion 'needs more research'
"CONCLUSIONS:: Pyridoxine as administered in the current study did not prevent HFS in patients who received PLD. It is possible that QOL is not compromised in patients with HFS because they may have increased social well being while coping with their disease."
6-Thioguanine Selectively Kills BRCA2-Defective Tumors and Overcomes PARP Inhibitor Resistance
"Altogether, our data show that 6TG efficiently kills BRCA2-defective tumors and suggest that 6TG may be effective in the treatment of advanced tumors that have developed resistance to PARP inhibitors or platinum-based chemotherapy. Cancer Res; 70(15); OF1-9. (c)2010 AACR."
abstract: Clinical syndromes associated with ovarian neoplasms: a comprehensive review
Radiographics. 2010 Jul-Aug;30(4):903-19.
Functional ovarian neoplasms have unique clinical manifestations related to hormone overproduction and may give rise to a broad spectrum of clinical syndromes.
Sex cord-stromal tumors, the most common functional ovarian neoplasms, are associated with either hyperestrogenism (as in granulosa cell tumor and thecoma) or hyperandrogenism (as in Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor and Leydig cell tumor). Other, less common ovarian neoplasms that may have endocrine or nonendocrine syndromic manifestations include germ cell tumors associated with the excessive production of human chorionic gonadotropin (eg, choriocarcinoma, dysgerminoma), monodermal teratomas (eg, carcinoid tumor, struma ovarii) associated with carcinoid syndrome and hyperthyroidism, and primary epithelial ovarian cancers associated with paraneoplastic syndromes.
The application of diagnostic algorithms based on patient demographic information, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and cross-sectional imaging features may help identify ovarian neoplasms in complex clinical settings.
Thursday, July 15, 2010
FDA Alert: Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs): Ongoing Safety Review for Cancer Risk
BACKGROUND: ARBs are used in patients with high blood pressure and other conditions. Brand names include Atacand, Avapro, Benicar, Cozaar, Diovan, Micardis, and Teveten
Genetics And Ovarian Cancer - Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (new) News Story
Note: brief recap of BRCA 1/2 & Lynch Syndrome
Genetic Tests and FDA (U.S.)
FDA will convene a public meeting next week to hear from companies that make direct-to-consumer genetic tests, before it begins an overhaul of its regulations on genetic diagnostic testing,
Wednesday, July 14, 2010
abstract - ScienceDirect - Gynecologic Oncology : Cognitive functions in long-term survivors of ovarian cancer
Conclusions
In this study, neuropsychological test performance did not differ significantly between ovarian cancer survivors who were in remission and patients with recurrent disease and receiving treatment. Cognitive impairment was evident in a subset of patients, although group means test scores were within the average range. Additional research using prospective longitudinal designs is needed to clarify the contribution of disease, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and other risk factors to cognitive outcome in this clinical population.
abstract - ScienceDirect - Gynecologic Oncology : Cognitive functions in long-term survivors of ovarian cancer
Conclusions
In this study, neuropsychological test performance did not differ significantly between ovarian cancer survivors who were in remission and patients with recurrent disease and receiving treatment. Cognitive impairment was evident in a subset of patients, although group means test scores were within the average range. Additional research using prospective longitudinal designs is needed to clarify the contribution of disease, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and other risk factors to cognitive outcome in this clinical population.
Some ovarian tumors can be safely followed on ultrasound - Cancer Network
"Once thought a risk for malignancy, septated ovarian cystic tumors are actually mostly benign. A study at the University of Kentucky changes the standard of care for those patients."
Recruiting: Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) for the Diagnosis of Recurrent Cancer: a Feasibility Study - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov (PETREC)
Ontario Clinical Oncology Group (OCOG)
| Condition | Intervention |
|---|---|
| Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Breast Cancer Head and Neck Cancer Ovarian Cancer Esophageal Cancer Lymphoma |
Other: PET/CT scan |
Abstract/full free access: Managing clinical trials
"Managing clinical trials, of whatever size and complexity, requires efficient trial management. Trials fail because tried and tested systems handed down through apprenticeships have not been documented, evaluated or published to guide new trialists starting out in this important field. For the past three decades trialists have invented and re-invented the trial management wheel. The authors suggest that to improve the successful, timely delivery of important clinical trials, for patient benefit, it is time to produce standard trial management guidelines and develop robust methods of evaluation."
Gyn Clinical Spotlights | slides/interviews: Dr's Fleming, Monk, Birrer
| 7 JUNE 2010 | ||
These Clinical Spotlight interviews, with accompanying eNewsflash and downloadable slides, discuss the topic of targeting angiogenesis in the treatment of ovarian cancer with a focus on the following data release: #LBA1: Phase III trial of bevacizumab (BEV) in the primary treatment of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), primary peritoneal cancer (PPC), or fallopian tube cancer (FTC): A Gynecologic Oncology Group study The first interview is an expert analysis with Gini Fleming, MD, from the University of Chicago, Illinois in the United States, and Bradley Monk, MD, from the University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States The second interview is a supplemental perspective and discussion with Bradley Monk, MD, from the University of California Irvine, Orange, California, United States, and Michael Birrer, MD, PhD, from the Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts in the United States. View the Primary Expert Analysis with Gini Fleming, MD, and Bradley Monk, MD, and access downloadable slides  View the Supplemental Perspectives and Discussion with Bradley Monk, MD, and Michael Birrer, MD, PhD, and access downloadable slides |
Editorial: Challenge of Managing Cancer-Related Fatigue JCO
"...Ultimately, the best intervention for CRF will be the development of a personalized treatment plan based on the identification of the main contributing factors to fatigue in a given patient followed by evidence-based combined therapies.
One more important contribution of this study by Moraska et al7**
is that it demonstrates that clinical trials of agents for the management
of fatigue can be successfully completed by cooperative clinical trial
groups. This is of great importance for the development of a body of
knowledge on supportive and palliative interventions for patients
with cancer."
** 7. Moraska AR, Sood A, Dakhil SR, et al: Phase III, randomized, double-blind,placebo-controlled study of long-acting methylphenidate for cancer-related fatigue:NCCTG Trial NO5C7. J Clin Oncol doi: 10.1200.JCO.2010.28.1444
JAMA -- Learning Accountability for Patient Outcomes, July 14, 2010, Pronovost 304 (2): 204
| Commentary |  | |
|---|---|---|
| | Learning Accountability for Patient Outcomes JAMA. 2010;304(2):204-205. doi:10.1001/jama.2010.979
Each year, an estimated 100 000 patients die of health care–associated infections, another 44 000 to 98 000 die of other preventable errors, and tens of thousands more die of diagnostic errors or failure to receive recommended therapies.1-3 Physicians are overconfident about the quality of care they provide, believing things will go right rather than wrong, assuming they provide higher-quality care than the evidence suggests, and thinking they alone have sufficient knowledge and skills to provide care. Teamwork failures are common contributors to harmful errors. In many cases, someone knew something was wrong and either did not speak up or spoke up and was ignored. It is unclear how many teamwork and communication failures result from arrogance. Most clinicians have personal stories of arrogance causing patient harm. My own involved a patient who had classic signs of a latex allergy, but for whom the operating surgeon refused to Author Affiliations: Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine, and Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, and School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. | |||||||||||||
JAMA -- Letter: bias and trials stoped for early benefit (5)
- Letters
Bias and Trials Stopped Early for Benefit - Scott M. Berry; Bradley P. Carlin; Jason Connor
JAMA 2010; 304: 156.[Extract] [Full text] [PDF]
- Letters
Bias and Trials Stopped Early for Benefit - Edward L. Korn; Boris Freidlin; Margaret Mooney
JAMA 2010; 304: 157-a-158-a.[Extract] [Full text] [PDF]
- Letters
Bias and Trials Stopped Early for Benefit - Steven Goodman; Donald Berry; Janet Wittes
JAMA 2010; 304: 157.[Extract] [Full text] [PDF]
- Letters
Bias and Trials Stopped Early for Benefit—Reply - Gordon H. Guyatt; Dirk Bassler; Victor M. Montori
JAMA 2010; 304: 158-a-159-a.[Extract] [Full text] [PDF]
- Letters
Bias and Trials Stopped Early for Benefit - Susan S. Ellenberg; David L. DeMets; Thomas R. Fleming
JAMA 2010; 304: 158.[Extract] [Full text] [PDF]
JAMA -- Abstract: Effect of Telecare Management on Pain and Depression in Patients With Cancer: A Randomized Trial, July 14, 2010
Conclusion
Centralized telecare management coupled with automated symptom monitoring resulted in improved pain and depression outcomes in cancer patients receiving care in geographically dispersed urban and rural oncology practices.
Tuesday, July 13, 2010
Breast Density Not a Risk Factor for BRCA Carriers - Does not appear to increase risk for breast cancer in women with the mutation - ModernMedicine
MONDAY, July 12 (HealthDay News) -- "Although breast density is a risk factor for breast cancer in the general population, it does not appear to increase risk in women with BRCA mutations, according to research published online July 12 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology...."
Monday, July 12, 2010
5 min video: SECOND OPINION | Ovarian Cancer | PBS
Note: the video seems to take a bit of time to load (patience req'd);
Know your pedigree: Family medical history holds key to your health - Winnipeg Free Press
"Look to both sides of the family. "I still very often hear from patients, 'My doctor told me I don't have to worry because it's from my dad's side,'" she says with evident frustration."
NGC - Compare - NATIONAL GUIDELINE CLEARINGHOUSE™ (NGC) GUIDELINE SYNTHESIS SCREENING FOR OVARIAN CANCER
"This synthesis was prepared by ECRI Institute on October 2, 2007. It was reviewed by SIGN on October 10, 2007, UMHS on October 25, 2007, and ACR on November 2, 2007. The synthesis was updated in April 2010 to remove UMHS and USPSTF recommendations and to update ACR recommendations. The information was verified by ACR on June 2, 2010."
Ezra Klein - The conservative case for Don Berwick
Insofar as Berwick is a radical, he's a radical in believing that vastly more power has to be devolved to the judgments, preferences and desires of patients. "An overarching aim for an ideal practice [is] that its patients would say of it, 'They give me exactly the help I need and want exactly when I need and want it,' " writes Berwick. He means it. When a patient wants someone in the room and the doctor doesn't, Berwick believes the patient should win.
Sunday, July 11, 2010
Current clinical use of biomarkers for epithelial ovarian cancer (abstract)
SUMMARY:
For more than 25 years CA125 has been the main biomarker for the management of women with EOC. Recently, novel biomarkers have become available clinically that improve upon the use of CA125 for the risk assessment and management of women with ovarian cancer.
Wine drinking and epithelial ovarian cancer risk
CONCLUSION:
Although resveratrol, abundantly found in wine, is a promising naturally occurring compound with chemopreventive properties on EOC in preclinical studies, this meta-analysis suggests the epidemiologic evidence shows no association between wine drinking and EOC risk.
Cochrane Collaboration review: Palliative surgery versus medical management for bowel obstruction in ovarian cancer - Review
CONCLUSIONS:
We found only low quality evidence comparing palliative surgery and medical management for bowel obstruction in ovarian cancer. Therefore we are unable to reach definite conclusions about the relative benefits and harms of the two forms of treatment, or to identify sub-groups of women who are likely to benefit from one treatment or the other. However, there is weak evidence in support of surgical management to prolong survival.
full free access: Somatic stem cells of the ovary and their relationship to human ovarian cancers* -- StemBook -- NCBI Bookshelf
define: 'somatic': non-inherited; also refers to all of the cells in the body except the reproductive cells (eg sperm and eggs)
"Mammalian ovaries undergo considerable remodeling during the lifetime of the organism, leading to the supposition that somatic stem cells account for or contribute to this cyclic regeneration. While much of ovarian stem cell research has been focused on germ cells, recent interest in normal somatic stem cells has been driven by their possible links to ovarian cancer stem cells. While evidence for stem cell biology with regards to granulosa cells is scant, recent work has isolated potential somatic stem cells for the theca and ovarian surface epithelium. Additionally, evidence for potential cancer initiating cells for ovarian epithelial carcinomas continues to mount......"
PET in women with high risk for breast or ovarian cancer : The Lancet Oncology
Summary
Data on the use of PET in women with genetic or familial high-risk for breast or ovarian cancer are scarce.
Open issues include the complementary use of dedicated breast-PET scanners in patients at high-risk for breast cancer, the relation between pathological characteristics of cancer diagnosed in BRCA carriers and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG)-avidity, and the predictive value of PET in patients at high-risk for ovarian cancer presenting with a pelvic mass or potential chemical markers. Therefore, the use of PET in high-risk patients with unproven malignant disease needs to be investigated in well designed clinical trials.
Once breast or ovarian cancer is diagnosed, indications for 18F-FDG-PET or PET—CT imaging are similar for high-risk patients and patients with sporadic cancer. However, PET can provide data that are beyond tumour detection per se. Future directions of PET in high-risk patients might include monitoring the response of BRCA carriers to new treatments such as poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, personalisation of treatment, and the use of new PET tracers to investigate the tissue changes related to increased risk for breast and ovarian cancer.
Prediction of BRCA2-association in hereditary breast carcinomas using array-CGH
Abstract
Germline mutations in BRCA1/2 increase the lifetime risk for breast and ovarian cancer dramatically. Identification of such mutations is important for optimal treatment decisions and pre-symptomatic mutation screening in family members.
Although current DNA diagnostics is able to identify many different mutations, it remains unclear, how many BRCA2-associated breast cancer cases remain unidentified as such. In addition, mutation scanning detects many unclassified variants (UV) for which the clinical relevance is uncertain. Therefore, our aim was to develop a test to identify BRCA2-association in breast tumors based on the genomic signature. A BRCA2-classifier was built using array-CGH profiles of 28 BRCA2-mutated and 28 sporadic breast tumors. The classifier was validated on an independent group of 19 BRCA2-mutated and 19 sporadic breast tumors.
Subsequently, we tested 89 breast tumors from suspected hereditary breast (and ovarian) cancer (HBOC) families, in which either no BRCA1/2 mutation or an UV (unknown variance) had been found by routine diagnostics. The classifier showed a sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 84% on the validation set of known BRCA2-mutation carriers and sporadic tumor cases. Of the 89 HBOC cases, 17 presented a BRCA2-like profile. In three of these cases additional indications for BRCA2-deficiency were found. Chromosomal aberrations that were specific for BRCA2-mutated tumors included loss on chromosome arm 13q and 14q, and gain on 17q.
Since we could separate BRCA1-like, BRCA2-like, and sporadic-like tumors, using our current BRCA2- and previous BRCA1-classifier, this method of breast tumor classification could be applied as additional test for current diagnostics to help clinicians in decision making and classifying sequence variants of unknown significance.
Oregovomab - Quest PharmaTech Announces Formation of Clinical Advisory Panel - MarketWatch
"All members of the Panel have a keen interest in innovative improvements in the area of ovarian cancer and see a great opportunity to advance the previous learning with Oregovomab in the context of combination therapies to better access the potential of the immune response to bring clinical benefit to ovarian cancer patients," commented Dr. Nicodemus. "We are excited about the potential of the approach for these three planned clinical trials."
media - research award/s - ovarian cancer biomarkers research award - ovarian cancer
"The other recipients are Joan Walker and Dr. Kathleen Moore, OU College of Medicine. With support from the grant, Walker, Moore and other OU Cancer Institute researchers will try to identify biomarkers for predicting response and prognosis and to help in screening and early detection of cancer to improve clinical care."
Saturday, July 10, 2010
Friday, July 09, 2010
Updated Guidelines for Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Research - CIHR (Canadian Institute for Health Research)
definition: Capable of differentiating into many cell types. For example, a cell capable of turning into bone, fat, tendon, cartilage and ligament cells, but not into brain cells or liver cells, might be considered Pluripotent.
www.stem-cell-treatment-now.com/glossary.html
abstract: The Clinical Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory and Microsatellite Instability Testing of Colorectal Cancer
Note: this abstract gives an overview of Lynch Syndrome testing eg. immunohistochemistry (testing of tumour); Microsatellite (MSI); improved survival rates, treatment options (relating to test results)
Canada: Health Region Report Cards and Ranking
Blogger's note: who qualifies as an 'other' ??
We want your feedback!
We are conducting a survey of healthcare system leaders and other stakeholders, with hopes of obtaining your views on the report cards and rankings. If you would like to participate, please contact Dr. Lockhart at Wallace.Lockhart@uregina.ca
We are conducting a survey of healthcare system leaders and other stakeholders, with hopes of obtaining your views on the report cards and rankings. If you would like to participate, please contact Dr. Lockhart at Wallace.Lockhart@uregina.ca
DNA discovery opens new door to develop tools, therapies for hereditary cancers (in research)
"....Errors in DNA can arise from many types of damage including external harm, such as UV radiation or carcinogens, as well as by intrinsic cellular processes such as DNA replication. Failure to correct these errors leads to mutations, which results in cancer or a number of severe genetic disorders."
“The reason why it can lead to cancer is because if you don’t have mismatch repair proteins that correct these errors, you’re going to accumulate mutations,” said Guarné. “People with defective mismatch repair genes develop cancers at very early ages. You would see a family that in their 30s has colorectal cancer and in their 40s they have it again. There’s no way you can prevent that – you can’t correct your DNA. As you grow older, you’re going to accumulate mutations.”
interactive map: human genome/dna - the 'A T,C and G's' of the human genome (BBC) plus video
Note: #3 'junk dna' - there is still much to be learned in those 'junk dna'
(maybe not 'junk' after all)
Introduction All the biological instructions needed to make a human being can be written in just four letters. But the book of those instructions is over three billion letters long. Here, BBC News Online shows how you go from A, T, G and C to a whole person.
also: short video on 'junk dna'
Human genome: bust or boon? - media health report (worth reading/4 professional opinions)
Note: this is actually a very good and easy-to-read article with (over)views from 4 researchers
Women's Health Matters Network: News - Early menopause may be linked to increased future heart disease risks
"Early menopause was defined as either natural or surgical menopause."
"Although the observational study found a significant relationship between early menopause and heart disease, it does not prove that early menopause is an underlying cause of heart disease. However, the relationship suggests that modifiable lifestyle factors that affect heart disease risk, such as diet and exercise, may be particularly important to women who enter menopause early. The research was presented at the Endocrine Society annual meeting in San Diego on June 21, 2010"
full free access: Genomic aberrations in borderline ovarian tumors
Note: this paper is long and technical but of importance given, in part, the connection to Lynch Syndrome (MSI testing, microsatellite). Microsatellite testing is a test commonly used for suspected Lynch Syndrome patients. Specific research regarding ovarian cancer (epithelial) /MSI is limited.
Background
"According to the scientific literature, less than 30 borderline ovarian tumors have been karyotyped and less than 100 analyzed for genomic imbalances by CGH."
Women's Health Matters Network: News - Study finds almost half of breast cancer patients did not complete hormone therapy
"The study was published online in the Journal of Clinical Oncology on June 28, 2010."
Shorter Telomere Length Again Linked to Cancer: MedlinePlus
Note: medical news article including reference to ovarian cancer
"TUESDAY, July 6 (HealthDay News) -- People who have white blood cells with shorter telomeres may be at a higher risk of developing cancer, especially aggressive cancers that are more likely to kill, new research suggests. Telomeres are the "shoelace ends" that cap and protect your chromosomes and naturally get shorter as you age. Right now, the findings aren't likely to have any clinical usefulness, said Dr. Stefan Kiechl, senior author of a paper appearing in the July 7 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association. But in the future, he added, "telomere length may well become a component of risk scores for cancer manifestation and, eventually, cancer prognosis......"
Genetic Variation in TYMS in the One-Carbon Transfer Pathway Is Associated with Ovarian Carcinoma Types in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium — Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention
Conclusions: TYMS rs495139 may be associated with a differential risk of ovarian carcinoma types, indicating the importance of accurate histopathologic classification.
Note: (abstract) mucinous as opposed to negative for other cell types.
Reply to H.W.M. van Laarhoven et al --
Letter of response from Balboni et al to van Laarhoven et al
1. van Laarhoven HWM, Schilderman J, Verhagen CA, et al: Spiritual care in patients with advanced cancer: What does it imply? J Clin Oncol 28:e332; 2010.
2. Balboni TA, Paulk ME, Balboni MJ, et al: Provision of spiritual care to patients with advanced cancer: Associations with medical care and quality of life near death. J Clin Oncol 28:445–452, 2010.
Letter: Spiritual Care in Patients With Advanced Cancer: What Does It Imply? JCO
in reference to:
1. Balboni TA, Paulk ME, Balboni MJ, et al: Provision of spiritual care to patients with advanced cancer: Associations with medical care and quality of life near death. J Clin Oncol 28:445–452, 2010.
Thursday, July 08, 2010
Comparison of Anticancer Drug Coverage Decisions in the United States and United Kingdom: Does the Evidence Support the Rhetoric? -- Mason et al. 28 (20): 3234 -- Journal of Clinical Oncology
Conclusion
Anticancer drug coverage decisions that consider cost effectiveness are associated with greater restrictions and slower time to coverage. However, this approach may represent an explicit alternative to rationing achieved through the use of patient copayments.
Microsatellite Instability and Adjuvant Fluorouracil Chemotherapy: A Mismatch? -- Ng and Schrag 28 (20): 3207 -- Journal of Clinical Oncology
Note: this Editorial will be of interest to Lynch Syndrome families/patients
Filling the Gap: Development of the Oncology Nurse Practitioner Workforce — JOP
click here for link to paper: Filling the Gap: Development of the Oncology Nurse Practitioner Workforce
plus related article:
New line in your job description: Nurse Practitioner Educator
Cancer Statistics, 2010 -- U.S.
FIGURE 5 Annual Age-Adjusted Cancer Death Rates* Among Females for Selected Cancers, United States, 1930 to 2006.
U.S. - States Requiring Coverage of Clinical Trial Costs - National Cancer Institute
A growing number of states have passed legislation or instituted special agreements requiring health plans to pay the cost of routine medical care you receive as a participant in a clinical trial......
.......updated with information about Florida, Iowa, and South Carolina.
As of July 1, 2010, these states have implemented legislation or voluntary agreements requiring health plans to pay the cost of routine medical care for participants in certain clinical trials. More than 30 states now require such coverage through legislation or special voluntary agreements. View website…
Links on this page
* Use this map or this alphabetical list.
* Overview of the issue.
* Other resources.
(full free access) "Physician As Typist" -- from the series: The Art of Oncology
"I stare at the primary care physician’s note in front of me. I have been concerned about our mutual patient’s hypertension. I believe it has been exacerbated by the use of bevacizumab, and I have referred her back for additional management. All I need is an acknowledgment of the problem and a treatment plan. The note that I have received is three pages long and is filled with unrelated laboratory values, scan results, and jumbled-up text....."
Disclosing a Diagnosis of Cancer: Where and How Does It Occur? -- Figg et al., 10.1200/JCO.2009.24.6389 -- Journal of Clinical Oncology
Abstract:
"Forty-four percent of patients reported discussions of 10 minutes or fewer..."
Conclusion
Physicians should disclose a cancer diagnosis in a personal setting, discussing the diagnosis and treatment options for a substantial period of time whenever possible.
Search of: ovarian cancer | Open Studies | received from 06/15/2010 to 07/07/2010 - List Results - ClinicalTrials.gov
Found 7 studies with search of: ovarian cancer | Open Studies | received from 06/15/2010 to 07/07/2010
1 Not yet recruiting Study of JI-101 in Patients With Advanced Head and Neck Cancers, Ovarian Cancers or K-RAS Mutant Colon Cancers
Conditions: Cancer; Head & Neck Cancer; Ovarian Cancer; Colon Cancer
Interventions: Drug: JI-101; Drug: Everolimus
2 Not yet recruiting Veliparib and Liposomal Doxorubicin Hydrochloride in Treating Patients With Recurrent Ovarian Cancer, Fallopian Tube Cancer, or Primary Peritoneal Cancer or Metastatic Breast Cancer
Conditions: Breast Cancer; Fallopian Tube Cancer; Ovarian Cancer; Peritoneal Cavity Cancer
Interventions: Drug: pegylated liposomal doxorubicin hydrochloride; Drug: veliparib; Other: laboratory biomarker analysis; Other: pharmacological study
3 Not yet recruiting Safety Study of MGAH22 in HER2-positive Carcinomas
Conditions: Breast Cancer; Gastric Cancer; Bladder Cancer; Ovarian Cancer; Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Intervention: Biological: MGAH22
4 Recruiting GDC-0449 and RO4929097 in Treating Patients With Advanced or Metastatic Sarcoma
Conditions: Adult Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma of Bone; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor; Kidney Cancer; Malignant Conjunctival Neoplasm; Ovarian Cancer; Sarcoma; Small Intestine Cancer
Interventions: Drug: Hedgehog antagonist GDC-0449; Drug: gamma-secretase inhibitor RO4929097
5 Recruiting Temsirolimus and Vinorelbine Ditartrate in Treating Patients With Unresectable or Metastatic Solid Tumors
Conditions: Extensive Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer; Hereditary Paraganglioma; Male Breast Cancer; Malignant Paraganglioma; Metastatic Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumor; Metastatic Pheochromocytoma; Pancreatic Polypeptide Tumor; Recurrent Breast Cancer; Recurrent Cervical Cancer; Recurrent Endometrial Carcinoma; Recurrent Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumor; Recurrent Islet Cell Carcinoma; Recurrent Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Skin; Recurrent Non-small Cell Lung Cancer; Recurrent Ovarian Epithelial Cancer; Recurrent Ovarian Germ Cell Tumor; Recurrent Pheochromocytoma; Recurrent Prostate Cancer; Recurrent Renal Cell Cancer; Recurrent Small Cell Lung Cancer; Recurrent Uterine Sarcoma; Regional Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumor; Regional Pheochromocytoma; Stage III Cervical Cancer; Stage III Endometrial Carcinoma; Stage III Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Skin; Stage III Ovarian Epithelial Cancer; Stage III Ovarian Germ Cell Tumor; Stage III Prostate Cancer; Stage III Renal Cell Cancer; Stage III Uterine Sarcoma; Stage IIIA Breast Cancer; Stage IIIA Non-small Cell Lung Cancer; Stage IIIB Breast Cancer; Stage IIIB Non-small Cell Lung Cancer; Stage IIIC Breast Cancer; Stage IV Breast Cancer; Stage IV Endometrial Carcinoma; Stage IV Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Skin; Stage IV Non-small Cell Lung Cancer; Stage IV Ovarian Epithelial Cancer; Stage IV Ovarian Germ Cell Tumor; Stage IV Prostate Cancer; Stage IV Renal Cell Cancer; Stage IV Uterine Sarcoma; Stage IVA Cervical Cancer; Stage IVB Cervical Cancer; Thyroid Gland Medullary Carcinoma
Interventions: Drug: temsirolimus; Drug: vinorelbine ditartrate
6 Recruiting Theca Cell Function in Adolescents With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Condition: PCOS
Intervention: Drug: Dexamethasone and recombinant hCG
7 Recruiting Effects of Exercise for Overweight Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Conditions: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Obesity
Interventions: Other: 16-week exercise training program; Other: Control Group without PCOS
Somatic Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Could Expand the Number of Patients That Benefit From Poly (ADP Ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors in Ovarian Cancer
ABSTRACT
Purpose
The prevalence of BRCA1/2 mutations in germline DNA from unselected ovarian cancer patients is 11% to 15.3%. It is important to determine the frequency of somatic BRCA1/2 changes, given the sensitivity of BRCA-mutated cancers to poly (ADP ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) inhibitors and platinum analogs.
Conclusion
BRCA1/2 somatic and germline mutations and expression loss are sufficiently common in ovarian cancer to warrant assessment for prediction of benefit in clinical trials of PARP1 inhibitors.
Wednesday, July 07, 2010
Testing for CHEK2 in the cancer genetics clinic: ready for prime time?
Abstract
Narod SA.
Testing for CHEK2 in the cancer genetics clinic: ready for prime time?
The 1100delC mutation of the CHEK2 gene was found to be a cause of breast cancer in 2002. The lifetime risk of breast cancer among women with a mutation and with a family history of breast cancer is approximately 25%. These women are good candidates for screening with MRI and for chemoprevention with tamoxifen. It is reasonable to test for this single mutation when women undergo testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2.
Protein Inhibitor Revives Chemotherapy For Ovarian Patients: TGen Findings
"PD 407824 is only available for laboratory research, but other drugs inhibiting CHEK1 are already used to treat patients in the clinic," said Dr. Raoul Tibes, one of the paper's senior a co-authors and an Associate Investigator in TGen's Clinical Translational Research Division. "
A prospective, randomised, controlled, double-blind phase I-II clinical trial on the safety of A-Part(R) Gel as adhesion prophylaxis after major abdominal surgery versus non-treated group
Note: abstract/full free access/study outline/criteria:
Background
"Postoperative adhesions occur when fibrous strands of internal scar tissue bind anatomical structures to one another. The most common cause of intra-abdominal adhesions is previous intra-abdominal surgical intervention. Up to 74% of intestinal obstructions are caused by post surgical adhesions. Although a variety of methods and agents have been investigated to prevent post surgical adhesions, the problem of peritoneal adhesions remains largely unsolved. Materials serving as an adhesion barrier are much needed."
Tuesday, July 06, 2010
Q&A: Cardiac Catheterization for Cancer Patients - Cancerwise | Cancer blog from MD Anderson Cancer Center
Why is it important to have a cath lab in a cancer center?
As a result of their disease and the treatments they receive, cancer patients are different from regular cardiovascular patients.
Is it strictly for diagnostic purposes?
No, it can be used for both diagnostic purposes and treatment. It helps recognize heart failure, pulmonary hypertension and valve disease, among other heart problems. It can also be used to implant pacemakers, defibrillators and intra-aortic balloon pumps, as well as perform pericardiocentesis (a procedure that uses a needle to remove fluid surrounding the heart) and endomyocardial biopsies (a procedure for patients with possible heart failure after chemotherapy, where a minimal piece of heart muscle is analyzed under the microscope).
Shark Cartilage No Longer Considered Therapeutic Agent - Cancerwise | Cancer blog from MD Anderson Cancer Center
Note: lung cancer/shark cartilage plus Q & A on shark cartilage
High satisfaction rate ten years after bilateral prophylactic mastectomy - a longitudinal study
abstract:
Eur J Cancer Care (Engl). 2010 Jun 29
Women from families with an increased risk for breast/ovarian cancer have undergone bilateral prophylactic mastectomy (BPM) since the early 1990s at the Karolinska University Hospital in Sweden.
Perceptions of BPM as reported by the first women who underwent the procedure have previously been evaluated on a short-term basis (1-3 years). The present study aims to evaluate the long-term (10 years) physical and psychological consequences of BPM in the same cohort of women. Some of the very first women to undergo BPM participated in the present interview study (n= 13). The semi-structured interviews focused on the women's long-term experiences related to BPM and immediate breast reconstruction.
Overall, the women were satisfied with their decision to undergo BPM and perceived a negligible remaining risk of getting breast cancer. For most women, the operation had not resulted in changes in family life or lifestyle (n= 8), although some described that the relationship with their spouse was affected (8/13), either in a negative (n= 5) or positive (n= 3) way. The cosmetic results were mainly positive (n= 10).
Recurrent counselling and support during the whole process of decision, treatment and follow up is recommended.
Is adjuvant chemotherapy indicated in stage I pure immature ovarian teratoma (IT)? A multicentre Italian trial in ovarian cancer
CONCLUSIONS.: Our study suggests that chemotherapy may be withheld for primary therapy and utilized only for recurrence.
full free access: International expert panel on inflammatory breast cancer: consensus statement for standardized diagnosis and treatment
Methods:
Recognizing IBC to be a distinct entity, a group of international experts met in December 2008 at the First International Conference on Inflammatory Breast Cancer to develop guidelines for the management of IBC.
reference paper for - Table 2:
Summary of minimum recommendations
BRCA1 mRNA expression and outcome to neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy in bladder cancer — Ann Oncol
Background:
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has shown a modest benefit in muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients; however, the subset of patients most likely to benefit has not been identified. BRCA1 plays a central role in DNA repair pathways and low BRCA1 expression has been associated with sensitivity to cisplatin and longer survival in lung and ovarian cancer patients.
Conclusions:
Our data suggest that BRCA1 expression may predict the efficacy of cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy and may help to customize therapy in bladder cancer patients.
The incidence of major complications after the performance of extensive upper abdominal surgical procedures during primary cytoreduction of advanced ovarian, tubal, and peritoneal carcinomas
Objective.
To assess the morbidity and mortality associated with extensive upper abdominal surgery (EUAS) performed during primary cytoreduction for advanced ovarian carcinoma.Conversations! newsletter July/August issue 2010
click here for direct access to pdf file
Note: includes stories from many longterm survivors as well as:
Ovarian Problems Discussion List
The Ovarian Problems Discussion List is a free e-mail discussion group that gives women with ovarian cancer and related problems a chance to exchange information and support daily. Supporters and family members are also encouraged to join this group, which is sponsored by the non-profit Association of Cancer Online Resources.
To SUBSCRIBE, go to www.acor.org, click on "mailing lists", and locate the Ovarian list - follow the instructions to join.
To reach the list managers for HELP, write to ovarian-request@listserv.acor.org . We now have over 1300 subscribers
Monday, July 05, 2010
Individual genomes and personalized medicine: life diversity and complexity
"Patients and tumors are unique."
Sunday, July 04, 2010
HE4 and Mesothelin: Novel Biomarkers of Ovarian Cancer
"Addition of mesothelin to this combination did not show any improvement in the sensitivity. Conclusions: As a single marker, HE4 had the highest sensitivity for detecting ovarian carcinoma specially early stage disease. Combined CA125 and HE4 was a more accurate predictor of ovarian malignancy than either alone."
Ovarian cancer test comes under fire (OvPlex/Healthlinx/Australia) media article
OvPlex also available (according to article) in Britain/Singapore
Canada playing in wrong health league - Michael Rachlis
Note: article relates to the U.S.-based Commonwealth Fund report of June 25th, 2010 (see prior blog post); this was not the first Commonwealth Fund analysis which compared different countries on a variety of indices with Canada and the U.S. coming in dead last in overall rankings.
"The report compared Canada with other countries 18 times in the text. These included two favourable comparisons and 16 unfavourable ones, including indictments for long waits, the poor management of chronic conditions (like diabetes), the lack of electronic systems, poor care coordination and the failure to involve patients in decisions about their care."
Dr. Michael Rachlis is a health policy analyst and an associate professor at the University of Toronto.
Medical News: ENDO: Society Calls for New Look at Hormone Therapy - in Meeting Coverage, ENDO
Note: this fact from the WHI was ignored by many:
"However, Santen said, the average age of the women in the WHI was 63. Only 3.4% of women in the study were ages 50 and 55, "the usual time when women would decide to take hormone therapy," he said." ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The take-home message, he concluded, is that "physicians and patients need to rethink the use of menopausal hormone therapy based on these new data. "The statement suggests a change in perspective and a need to consider the risks and benefits [of hormone therapy] for women actually considering its use."
The Elusive Goal of Maintaining Population Cancer Screening: It Is Time for a New Paradigm -- Editorial (full free access)
Note: focus on breast cancer/not specific to ovarian cancer; discusses high risk (BRCA's) "In this issue of the Journal, Vernon et al. conducted a methodologically rigorous review of the literature on controlled behavioral interventions to increase repeat mammography screening among women at average risk for the disease.......The promise of breast cancer screening has fallen short of its goals because of its imprecision, failure to screen those at highest risk, lack of compliance with screening continuance over recommended periods of time, and gaps in access to or quality of diagnostic follow-up and treatment (20). It is no longer enough to simply conduct more interventions to understand which work best in motivating individuals to undergo repeat cancer screening. New paradigms, guided by evidence from modeling, novel trials, and new scientific discovery, will be needed to realize the promise of eliminating the burden of cancer."
abstract: Hormone prevention strategies for breast, endometrial and ovarian cancers
"Prospective, randomized trials, designed to control for all known variables, are mandatory to fully assess the potential for hormonal chemoprevention in breast, endometrial and ovarian cancers."
The predictive value of serum VEGF in multiresistant ovarian cancer patients treated with bevacizumab (Avastin)
Results
Thirty-eight patients were included. All patients were heavily pre-treated with a median of five prior regimens. ..... The VEGF serum level decreased during treatment in all patients. A low pre-treatment VEGF level was predictive to response.
Conclusions
Single agent bevacizumab has activity in ovarian cancer patients. Pre-treatment serum VEGF seems to have predictive value.Risk factors for carcinoma of the fallopian tube in women with and without a germline BRCA mutation
Reminder on stats: < 1.0 is decreased risk; > 1.0 is increased risk; OR=overall risk; edited some stats for ease of reading - see abstract/read more:
Conclusions
Parity and oral contraceptive use are associated with reduced risks of fallopian tube cancer. In contrast, hormone replacement therapy may be associated with an increase in the risk of fallopian tube cancer.Saturday, July 03, 2010
medical research/news item: (UK) Study finds EPB41L3 'protector gene' inactivated in 65% of ovarian cancers
Note: in research
"A new gene that normally protects againstovarian cancer is switched-off in two-thirds of cases of the disease, reveals a study published in the journal Neoplasia today.
This 'protector gene', known as EPB41L3, is inactivated in 65 per cent of ovarian cancers. And reactivating the gene halted tumour growth and triggered large numbers of the cancer cells to commit suicide. The research, co-funded by Cancer Research UK and gynaecological cancer research charity
The Eve Appeal, raises the prospect for developing therapies that mimic or restore the function of the gene to kill ovarian cancer cells in a targeted way...."
Putting research into context—revisited : The Lancet - Editorial
Note: this article is free to view; requires registration
"In July, 2005, Lancet editors wrote that “we will require authors of clinical trials submitted to The Lancet to include a clear summary of previous research findings, and to explain how their trial's findings affect this summary.
They called for the relation between existing and new evidence to be referenced to a published systematic review or meta-analysis. The CONSORT statement2 first required in 1996 that findings should be interpreted to take into account the totality of the evidence.
Michael Clarke and colleagues have been monitoring since then how the five high-impact journals (Annals of Internal Medicine, BMJ, JAMA, The Lancet, and The New England Journal of Medicine) have been doing. They report in The Lancet today their latest results for May, 2009.
Their findings are discouraging: only one of 24 reports that were not first trials placed the results in the context of an updated systematic review in the Discussion.
They conclude that there is no evidence of progress since 1997, and that editors and authors are not informing sufficiently those who have to make decisions about health care."
Clearly, clinicians and others in health care need to know what the results of research mean for patients.
Authors and editors can help them by doing exactly what CONSORT4 and Clarke and colleagues call for.
Authors need to spell out what their study adds to other work and what that means for clinical practice...."cont'd
www.icon7trial.org - Avastin trial
Data from ICON7 will be submitted for presentation at an upcoming medical meeting, Genentech said.
The ICON7 study is sponsored by the Medical Research Council (MRC) in the UK, led by the MRC Clinical Trials Unit and conducted through an international network of researchers in the Gynaecologic Cancer InterGroup (GCIG).
ICON7 is an international, multicentre, randomised, open-label, Phase III study in 1,528 women with previously untreated epithelial ovarian, primary peritoneal or fallopian tube carcinoma. The trial evaluates Avastin plus standard of care chemotherapy (carboplatin and paclitaxel) followed by the continued use of Avastin alone, compared to chemotherapy alone.
Friday, July 02, 2010
Future Medicine - Women's Health - re: EVA trial (full free access to commentary/abstract of original paper) MRI high risk familial risk breast cancer
link:
Steven A Narod
Evaluation of: Kuhl C, Weigel S, Schrading S et al.: Prospective multicenter cohort study to refine management recommendations for women at elevated familial risk of breast cancer: the EVA trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 28, 1450–1457 (2010).
"In the EVA trial, Kuhl et al. screened 687 women at high risk of breast cancer for up to 3 years with annual MRI. A total of 27 breast cancers were diagnosed, including 11 DCIS and two local recurrences. There were no interval cancers. This data suggests that MRI screening can be used to downstage breast cancers, but larger studies with longer follow-up periods are required to confirm these findings."
Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study to Refine Management Recommendations for Women at Elevated Familial Risk of Breast Cancer: The EVA Trial
full free access: - Women's Health - Ovarian cancer biomarker screening: still too early to tell
"In 2004, the US Preventive Services Task Force (amongst other countries/guidelines) recommended against routine ovarian cancer screening [102]. None of the more recent findings overide this guideline. We must await the results of the two large-scale trials. Whether the results are positive or not, these trials will yield vital data to guide the next steps in biomarker research and subsequent guidelines for practice."
Thursday, July 01, 2010
Stem cell scientists launch effort to prevent fraudulent treatment - Office of Communications & Public Affairs - Stanford University School of Medicine
"... The use of quotes from well-regarded stem cell scientists and physicians is not uncommon on unscrupulous Internet websites, according to Weissman. Frequently these experts are unaware that their names are being used, and the quotes are fabricated or taken out-of-context from some other source.
As a result of the task force’s efforts to publicize these and other abuses, the ISSCR recently launched a publicly available website (www.closerlookatstemcells.org) where patients can learn more about stem cell biology, learn what questions to ask of potential clinics, and even submit a specific website for further investigation by the ISSCR."
Miradx - "PreOvar" test (KRAS mutation
KRAS Variant Grand Round Presentation ("coming soon")
Mon, 03/08/2010 - 13:19 — admin
To learn more about PreOvar, review the On-line Grand Rounds presented by Joanne Weidhaas, M.D., Ph.D., an Assistant Professor at Yale University
in the Department of Therapeutic Radiology.
Management of rare ovarian cancers: The experience of the French website «Observatory for rare malignant tumours of the ovaries» by the GINECO group
Background
Non-epithelial ovarian cancers are rare; their natural history is poorly understood and prognostic factors remain unclear. A French website (www.ovaire-rare.org) was developed to collect clinical cases and tumour samples in order to better define prognostic factors and develop specific trials. We report the results of the first 100 patients with germ cell (GCT) and sex cord-stromal (SCT) tumours.Conclusions
This online observatory allows assessing medical practice for GCT and SCT in France. Histological discrepancies between diagnosis and second opinion confirm the need for systematic review before treatment. Extension to other rare gynaecologic malignancies is on-going.Clinical Management of Borderline Tumours of the Ovary – Experience from the “Berlin Online Tumour Conference for Gynaecological Malignancies” — Anticancer Research
Abstract
Borderline ovarian tumour (BOT) represents a rare and special tumour entity. Despite a generally favourable prognosis for patients with BOT, the presence of invasive peritoneal implants decreases the survival rate to 30-50%. In contrast to ovarian cancer, only few data exist concerning the current clinical management of patients with BOT. For this reason, the present analyses were performed for patients with BOT who were admitted into our online tumor conference for patients with gynaecological malignancies. Based on the results discussed in this article, the current aspects and problems regarding the diagnostic, surgical and conservative treatment and aftercare management of patients with BOT are considered.
Arrayit Corporation Receives Registered Trademark for OvaDx(R) - financial news
"Arrayit's OvaDx(R), the market's first comprehensive diagnostic screening test for ovarian cancer, uses approximately 100 proteomic biomarkers to identify molecular beacons of ovarian cancer that accumulate in the bloodstream as soon as an ovarian tumor begins to develop. OvaDx(R) detects both early and late stage ovarian cancer with high sensitivity and specificity using Arrayit's proprietary microarrays, which are tiny medical devices that screen large numbers of patient samples in a highly miniaturized and automated manner. OvaDx(R) leverages Arrayit's patented manufacturing technology and will be marketed and sold upon FDA approval by the company's subsidiary Arrayit Diagnostics, Inc."
Wednesday, June 30, 2010
World Cancer Research Fund International (WCRF International)/AICR (American Institute for Cancer Research)
WCRF/AICR will keep you informed with the latest updates on the Second Expert Report, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective.
| World Cancer Research Fund International First Floor 19 Harley Street London, W1G 9QJ, UK Tel: +44-20-73434200 | Fax: +44-20-73434220 http://www.wcrf.org/ |
American Institute for Cancer Research 1759 R Street N.W. Washington, DC 20009, USA Tel: 202-328-7744 | Fax: 202-328-7226 http://www.aicr.org/ |
Characteristics and prognosis of coexisting adnexa malignancy with endometrial cancer: a single institution review of 51 cases
CONCLUSION:
Our results showed that OS and PFS of synchronous primary ovarian cancer in patients with endometrial cancer is better than those with ovarian metastasis patients. Pre- and intra-operative, intensive and careful assessment, and strict and continuous postoperative surveillance should pay attention to the endometrial cancer patients who preserved ovary for having possibility of coexisting occult ovarian lesions.
full free access: Risk of urothelial bladder cancer in Lynch syndrome is increased, in particular among MSH2 mutation carriers -- Journal of Medical Genetics
"Besides the high risk of developing colorectal carcinomas of 10–80%, Lynch syndrome family members are at increased risk of developing several extra-colonic cancers and tumours at a relatively young age: endometrial cancer, carcinomas of the ovary, small bowel and biliary tract cancer, sebaceous gland tumours and urothelial carcinomas (UC) of the upper urinary tract. The lifetime risk of upper urinary tract cancer in Lynch syndrome varies in different studies from 0.4–20%. Microsatellite instability (MSI) is present in these urothelial carcinomas of the upper urinary tract."
See Table 1
abstract/free full access: Cardiotoxicity of anthracycline agents for the treatment of cancer: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
"The majority of the studies were on women with advanced or metastatic breast cancer. Twenty-one studies included participants with myeloma, lymphoma, sarcoma or ovarian cancer, and three studies included a mixture of tumour types."
Background
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the risk of early and late cardiotoxicity of anthracycline agents in patients treated for breast or ovarian cancer, lymphoma, myeloma or sarcoma.Conclusions
Evidence is not sufficiently robust to support clear evidence-based recommendations on different anthracycline treatment regimens, or for routine use of cardiac protective agents or liposomal formulations. There is a need to improve cardiac monitoring in oncology trials.Tuesday, June 29, 2010
*note comments: Study to Evaluate Families with History of Carcinoid Cancer
Note: this study is an NIH study and excludes those with a known genetic syndrome
Study to Evaluate Families with History of Carcinoid Cancer
By The Carcinoid Cancer Foundation (CCF)
The Natural History of Familial Carcinoid Tumor is recruiting participants who are interested in being part of a study that will “evaluate families with a history of carcinoid cancer to determine ways to improve early detection and to find the gene that may cause the tumors.”
If you are a member of a family in which two or more immediate blood relatives have had gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors, you may be eligible for this study. Unaffected spouses of family members diagnosed with carcinoid cancer are also requested to participate.
summary: Targeted therapies for rare gynaecological cancers : The Lancet Oncology
"Some gynaecological cancers are uncommon, such as sex cord-stromal tumours, malignant germ-cell tumours, vulvar carcinoma, melanoma of the female genital tract, clear-cell carcinoma of the ovary and endometrium, neuroendocrine tumours of the cervix, and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. All these cancers have different clinicopathological characteristics, suggesting different molecular biological pathogeneses. Despite aggressive treatment, some cancers recur or respond poorly to therapy. Comprehensive knowledge of the molecular biology of each cancer might help with development of novel treatments that maximise efficacy and minimise toxic effects. Targeted therapy is a new treatment strategy that has been investigated in various tumours in clinical and laboratory settings. Since these cancers are rare and large clinical trials are difficult to do, molecular biological techniques might allow rapid proof-of-principle experiments in few patients. Novel targeted agents either alone or in combination with other treatments offer promising therapeutic options."
Top Cancer Doctors to speak at upcoming Power is Teal Conference - Dr's Coleman, Goff, Seiden, Armstrong (OCNA/Washington)
Power is Teal Conference
July 10 - July 13, 2010
Washington, DC
www.ovariancancer.org/conference/2010
July 10 - July 13, 2010
Washington, DC
www.ovariancancer.org/conference/2010
CONFERENCE AGENDA
HIGHLIGHTS:
Saturday, July 10
Ovarian Cancer 101
presented by Dr.
Robert Coleman of MD Anderson Cancer Center
Sunday, July 11
Research Updates
Part I
presented by Dr.
Barbara Goff of the University of Washington, School of Medicine
How Healthcare
Reform Affects this Community
presented by Tim
Westmoreland, Esq., Visiting Professor, Georgetown University School of
Law
Monday, July 12
Research Update
Part II: Mello-Abrams Lectureship Accelerating Ovarian Cancer Research:
Recent Victories, Current Opportunities, Future Challenges
presented by Dr.
Michael Seiden, President and CEO of Fox Chase Cancer Center
Recurrence
presented by Dr.
Deborah Armstrong of Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center
To view the full Power is Teal Conference
agenda and to register, visit www.ovariancancer.org/conference/2010.
abstract/free full access: Current clinical criteria for Lynch syndrome are not sensitive enough to identify MSH6 mutation carriers -- Sjursen et al. -- Journal of Medical Genetics
Conclusion:
Amsterdam criteria and each of the Bethesda criteria were inadequate for identifying MSH6 mutation-carrying kindreds. MSH6 mutations may be more common than currently assumed, and the penetrance/expression of MSH6 mutations, as derived from families meeting current clinical criteria, may be misleading. To increase detection rate of MMR mutation carriers, all cancers in the Lynch syndrome tumour spectrum should be subjected to immunohistochemical analysis and/or analysis for microsatellite instability.
Oncologist preferences for health States associated with the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer - (interview with 34 oncologists) - abstract
Objective:
"To explore oncologists' preferences for hypothetical outcome scenarios (i.e. health states) resulting from various treatment options."
Conclusions:
"These data suggest that oncologists may choose treatments that maximize clinical efficacy only when not associated with severe toxicities or low emotional well-being unless associated with a large improvement in efficacy. Physicians may prefer a more toxic chemotherapy regimen that improves survival, and are more willing to compromise emotional well-being for a large survival advantage in the setting of newly diagnosed disease. Slight improvements in clinical efficacy may not be acceptable to oncologists unless associated with higher emotional well-being for the patient."
Single-port risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy with and without hysterectomy: Surgical outcomes and learning curve analysis
OBJECTIVE:
Based on considerable prospective data, risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) is one of the most beneficial interventions available to reduce ovarian/breast cancer risk in BRCA carriers and high-risk women. The purpose of this study was to describe the initial surgical outcomes and learning curve analysis associated with laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) RRSO with and without hysterectomy.
RESULTS:
A total of 58 patients were evaluated; 36 (63%) were BRCA1/2 carriers and 38 (63%) had breast cancer.
"Prospective studies are needed to assess the relative benefits of LESS compared with more conventional minimally invasive approaches."
Genomic analysis of genetic heterogeneity and evolution in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma - jnl Oncogene
"These data show that cisplatin resistance in HGS (high grade serous) carcinoma develops from pre-existing minor clones but that enrichment for these clones is not apparent during short-term chemotherapy treatment
The prognostic significance of optimal debulking in the setting of a complete clinical response for advanced ovarian carcinoma patients receiving main
Abstract:
"CONCLUSION: In advanced ovarian cancer patients who achieve a CCR (complete clinical response) following induction chemotherapy, optimal cytoreduction may confer a greater clinical benefit from a maintenance approach compared to suboptimal cytoreduction."
abstract: Detection of inherited mutations for breast and ovarian cancer using genomic capture and massively parallel sequencing — PNAS
Abstract:
"Inherited loss-of-function mutations in the tumor suppressor genes BRCA1, BRCA2, and multiple other genes predispose to high risks of breast and/or ovarian cancer. Cancer-associated inherited mutations in these genes are collectively quite common, but individually rare or even private. Genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations has become an integral part of clinical practice, but testing is generally limited to these two genes and to women with severe family histories of breast or ovarian cancer.
To determine whether massively parallel, “next-generation” sequencing would enable accurate, thorough, and cost-effective identification of inherited mutations for breast and ovarian cancer, we developed a genomic assay to capture, sequence, and detect all mutations in 21 genes, including BRCA1 and BRCA2, with inherited mutations that predispose to breast or ovarian cancer"
"There were zero false-positive calls of nonsense mutations, frameshift mutations, or genomic rearrangements for any gene in any of the test samples. This approach enables widespread genetic testing and personalized risk assessment for breast and ovarian cancer"
Early Discontinuation and Nonadherence to Adjuvant Hormonal Therapy in a Cohort of 8,769 Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients -- Hershman et al., 10.1200/JCO.2009.25.9655 -- Journal of Clinical Oncology
blog Note: at the time of this post, full free access to the paper was available; a search of the paper for the term 'side effects' = O with the exception of references
study: "There are several limitations to our study. First,we were unable to determine the reasons for nonadherence and discontinuation."
Subscribe to:
Posts
(
Atom
)
