Many gynecological cancers, including epithelial and
stromal ovarian cancers; endometrial carcinomas; and some gynecological
sarcomas, in particular endometrial stromal sarcomas, express estrogen
and/ or progesterone receptors. Hormonal therapy, typically progestogens
or tamoxifen, is commonly prescribed to patients with potentially
hormone-sensitive recurrent or metastatic gynecological cancers with
very variable response rates and clinical benefit reported. Aromatase
inhibitors are now widely used to treat postmenopausal women with
hormone receptor-positive breast cancers as they have greater activity
than tamoxifen and are generally better tolerated. The role of aromatase
inhibitors in gynecological cancers is uncertain and has not been well
studied, although they do appear to be active. The current evidence to
support the use of hormonal therapies including aromatase inhibitors in
gynecological cancers is reviewed, and the gaps in our knowledge
highlighted.
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