Cancer during pregnancy: perinatal outcome after in utero exposure to chemotherapy
Cancer during pregnancy: perinatal outcome after in utero exposure to chemotherapy.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES:
To
study the outcome of pregnancies complicated by malignant disease, in
particular neonatal morbidity and mortality after in utero exposure to
chemotherapy.
METHODS:
This prospective study included
118 patients diagnosed with malignant disease for the first time during
pregnancy over an 8-year period (March 2003-March 2011). Outcome of
neonates born to mothers who received chemotherapy during pregnancy was
studied and compared with a control group.
RESULTS:
The commonest cancer
type diagnosed during pregnancy (56/118 = 47.45 %) was breast carcinoma
followed by lymphoma/leukemia (32 = 27.12 %). Gynecological tumors (all
ovarian)
represented 10.16 %, soft tissue tumors 5.08 %, colorectal 4.23 %,
thyroid 2.54 % and others 3.38 %. Sixty-one
(51.64 %) women received chemotherapy (average 3 ± 2 cycles) during the
second and third trimesters. The incidence of neonatal survival, preterm
birth, small for gestational age and congenital malformations was not
significantly different between women who received chemotherapy during
pregnancy and the control group. Five (4.23 %) women with advanced
disease died during or shortly after termination of pregnancy.
CONCLUSION:
In
utero exposure to chemotherapy during the second and third trimesters
of pregnancy carries minimal morbidity to the unborn fetus.
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