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Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate
the epidemiologic association between diabetes and risk of ovarian
cancer.
Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and The Cochrane
Library for observational studies on the association between diabetes
and ovarian cancer. Cohort studies that reported relative risks (RRs)
and case-control studies that showed odds ratios were included in the
analysis. Summary RRs with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were
calculated with a random-effects model.
Results: A total of 19 studies from 18 articles (7
case-control studies and 11 cohort studies) met the inclusion criteria.
Combining data from all studies, diabetes was associated with an
increased risk of ovarian cancer, compared with no diabetes (summary RR
of ovarian cancer incidence, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.02-1.33). In cohort and
nested case-control studies, patients with diabetes had statistically
significant increased risk of ovarian cancer (RR, 1.16; 95% CI,
1.01-1.33), without significant heterogeneity (I2 = 27; P = 0.172).
Among studies that control for age, body mass index, smoking, and
alcohol, a prominent association between diabetes and ovarian cancer was
found (RR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.11-2.19).
Conclusions: This study suggests that women with diabetes have a moderately increased risk of ovarian cancer.
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