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Abstract
Review
Highlights
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- Low-grade serous carcinoma is characterized by relative chemoresistance and prolonged survival.
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- The MAP kinase signaling pathway is an important target for low-grade serous carcinoma.
For
the past several years (Blogger's Note: several years or decades??), all women with epithelial ovarian cancer have
been treated identically, whether in a clinical trial or off protocol.
Over the past decade, we have come to appreciate the magnitude of the
heterogeneity of ovarian cancer. The development of the binary grading
system for serous carcinoma was a major advance leading to separate
clinical trials for patients with this subtype originating from the
Gynecologic Oncology Group’s Rare Tumor Committee. The mitogen-activated
protein kinase (MAPK) pathway appears to play a prominent role in the
pathogenesis of this subtype. Approximately 20-40% of low-grade serous
carcinomas have a KRAS mutation, while BRAF mutations are rare—about 5%.
Primary treatment of low-grade serous carcinoma includes
surgery + platinum-based chemotherapy (either adjuvant or neoadjuvant).
Clinical behavior is characterized by young age at diagnosis, relative
chemoresistance, and prolonger overall survival. Current options for
treatment of relapsed disease include secondary cytoreduction in
selected patients, salvage chemotherapy, or hormonal therapy. A recently
completed trial of a MEK inhibitor for women with recurrent disease
demonstrated promising activity. Future directions will include further
investigations of the molecular biology and biomarker-driven clinical
trials with targeted agent monotherapy and combinations.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
MEK inhibitor
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hence MEK inhibitors have potential for treatment of some cancers,[1] especially BRAF-mutated melanoma,[2] and KRAS/BRAF mutated colorectal cancer.[3]
Some MEK inhibitors:
- Trametinib (GSK1120212), studied in BRAF-mutated melanoma
- Selumetinib, had a phase 2 clinical trial for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
- MEK162, had phase 1 trial for biliary tract cancer and melanoma[4]
- PD-325901, for breast cancer, colon cancer, and melanoma[5]
- XL518, CI-1040, PD035901
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