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open access
Abstract
Maintenance
of fluid and electrolyte balance is essential to healthy living as
dehydration and fluid overload are associated with morbidity and
mortality. This review presents the current evidence for the impact of
hydration status on health. The Web of Science, MEDLINE, PubMed, and
Google Scholar databases were searched using relevant terms. Randomized
controlled trials and large cohort studies published during the 20 years
preceding February 2014 were selected. Older articles were included if
the topic was not covered by more recent work. Studies show an
association between hydration status and disease. However, in many
cases, there is insufficient or inconsistent evidence to draw firm
conclusions. Dehydration has been linked with urological,
gastrointestinal, circulatory, and neurological disorders. Fluid
overload has been linked with cardiopulmonary disorders, hyponatremia,
edema, gastrointestinal dysfunction, and postoperative complications.
There is a growing body of evidence that links states of fluid imbalance
and disease. However, in some cases, the evidence is largely
associative and lacks consistency, and the number of randomized trials
is limited.
- dehydration
- disease
- electrolytes
- fluid
- fluid overload
- hydration status.
INTRODUCTION
Table 2
Summary of the evidence linking dehydration and overhydration to health disorders
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