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Abstract
Background:
Observational
studies on polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure and hormone-related
cancer risk are either inconsistent or lacking. We aimed to assess
associations of dietary PCB exposure with breast, endometrial and
ovarian cancer risk in middle-aged and elderly women.
Methods:
We included 36 777
cancer-free women at baseline in 1997 from the prospective
population-based Swedish Mammography Cohort. Validated estimates of
dietary PCB exposure were obtained via a food frequency questionnaire.
Incident cancer cases were ascertained through register linkage.
Results:
During
14 years of follow-up, we ascertained 1593, 437 and 195 incident cases
of breast, endometrial and ovarian cancer. We found no overall
association between dietary PCB exposure and any of these cancer forms.
The multivariable-adjusted relative risks comparing women in the highest
and lowest tertile of PCB exposure were 0.96 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.75, 1.24), 1.21 (95% CI: 0.73, 2.01) and 0.90 (95%
CI: 0.45, 1.79) for breast, endometrial and ovarian cancer. In analyses
stratified by factors influencing oestrogen exposure, possibly masking
associations with PCBs, indications of higher risks were observed for
endometrial cancer.
Conclusions:
This
study suggests that dietary exposure to PCBs play no critical role in
the development of breast, endometrial or ovarian cancer during
middle-age and old ages.
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