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Blogger's Note: did not include ovarian cancer
open access
Our objective was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised and non-randomised studies to investigate the effect of metformin use compared with non-use on recurrence-free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in adults who have potentially curable solid tumours.
The majority of identified studies examined the effect of metformin in one of four tumour types: prostate, colorectal, breast and urothelial cancer, which, therefore, represent the main focus of this analysis. A summary of the main characteristics for studies of breast, colorectal and prostate cancer is presented in Table 1, and a table of study characteristics for other cancer types is presented in Table 2.
Meta-analyses have examined the role of metformin in the primary prevention of cancer, where it was found to significantly reduce overall cancer incidence; however, findings were inconsistent when individual tumour types were considered [16–20]. Meta-analyses have also investigated the effect of metformin use across all stages of disease and have found that it reduces overall cancer mortality rates, but, again findings are conflicting for individual tumour types [21–28], suggesting analyses are best conduced for individual tumour types separately.
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