Case Report: Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone and Tumor Lysis in Ovarian Cancer

 Paraneoplastic syndromes are rare disorders that are triggered by an altered immune system response to a neoplasm. They are defined as clinical syndromes involving nonmetastatic systemic effects that accompany malignant disease.


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This is a case report describing 2 rarely described paraneoplastic syndromes that not only occurred in the same patient, but also in a malignancy with which the syndromes are rarely associated—ovarian cancer.

 An extensive literature search revealed only one other case of newly diagnosed ovarian cancer with SIADH.⁴

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a serious and potentially life-threatening adverse event caused by massive lysis of tumor cells as a consequence of chemotherapy treatment, but can also occur spontaneously in certain malignancies. Although rare in solid tumors, it is more commonly associated with hematologic malignancies. Associated clinical and laboratory derangements include acute renal injury, cardiac arrhythmias, seizures, and electrolyte abnormalities such as hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, and hyperuricemia.