open access: (review) Major clinical research advances in gynecologic cancer in 2015

JGO :: Journal of Gynecologic Oncology
 J Gynecol Oncol. 2016 Oct;27
In 2015, fourteen topics were selected as major research advances in gynecologic oncology. For ovarian cancer, high-level evidence for annual screening with multimodal strategy which could reduce ovarian cancer deaths was reported. The best preventive strategies with current status of evidence level were also summarized. Final report of chemotherapy or upfront surgery (CHORUS) trial of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced stage ovarian cancer and individualized therapy based on gene characteristics followed. There was no sign of abating in great interest in immunotherapy as well as targeted therapies in various gynecologic cancers. The fifth ovarian cancer consensus conference which was held in November 7–9 in Tokyo was briefly introduced..... 

Table 1. Fourteen topics of major clinical research advances in gynecologic cancer in 2015

Site of cancer Topic Reference Ovary 1. Prevention and screening of ovarian cancer [2, 4, 5, 12] 2. Update of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in ovarian cancer: right therapy to right person [15] 3. Personalized therapy for the best possible chance of survival in ovarian cancer [21, 22, 23, 24] 4. Fifth Ovarian Cancer Consensus Conference in Tokyo 5. Immunotherapy update: anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibody in ovarian cancer [25, 26] Uterine cervix 6. HPV vaccine update: two dose, 9-valent, therapeutic vaccine [28, 36, 42] Uterine corpus 7. Old age as a reason for abandoning power morcellation in presumed fibroids [43, 44, 45] 8. Hormone therapies and endometrial cancer risk [48, 49] 9. Trabectedin: another FDA-approved option for leiomyosarcoma [56] 10. Endometrial cancer and Lynch syndrome [58, 59] 11. Radiation therapy in endometrial cancer: ESMO-ESGO-ESTRO consensus conference guidelines [63, 64, 65] Others 12. Vulvar cancer adjuvant therapy [71] 13. Targeted therapy update in gynecologic cancer 1) Update of anti-angiogenic drugs in ovarian cancer [74, 75, 76] 2) Other promising targeting agents in ovarian cancer [81, 82, 84, 85] 3) Update of targeted therapy in cervical and endometrial cancer [88, 90, 91] Female breast 14. Breast cancer 1) Palbociclib in hormone-receptor-positive advanced breast cancer [93] 2) Oncotype DX Recurrence Score in low-risk breast cancer [97] 3) Regional nodal irradiation to internal mammary, supraclavicular, and axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer [98, 99] 4) Cavity shave margins in breast cancer [100]

ESGO, European Society of Gynecologic Oncology; ESMO, European Society of Medical Oncology; ESTRO, European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology; FDA, the Food and Drug Administration; HPV, human papillomavirus; PD-1, programmed cell death protein-1; PD-L1, programmed cell death protein-ligand 1.