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abstract
Highlights
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- Highlights an effective, safe and short desensitization protocol
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- Allows hypersensitive patients to continue with carboplatin therapy
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- Employs a straightforward home and inpatient premedication regimen
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- Identifies factors that help to risk stratify patients undergoing desensitization
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- Decreases the burden on health care by reducing admissions to the hospital and ICU
Objectives
The
carboplatin desensitization (CD) protocol presented here allows
patients with either a positive skin test or a prior hypersensitivity
reaction (HSR) to safely, rapidly and effectively continue with
carboplatin infusions. Newly described factors can identify patients at
risk for developing adverse events during CD.
Methods
A
retrospective review was performed on patients with gynecologic cancer
who underwent CD between 2005 and 2014. The CD protocol uses a four-step
dilution process over 3.5 h.
Results
129
patients underwent CD and completed a total of 788 cycles. The
desensitization protocol prevented HSRs in 96% (753 out of 788) of these
cycles. Patients achieved an average of 6.1 cycles (SD ± 4.55, range
0–23) with CD. The CD protocol allowed 73% (94 of 129) of the patients
to undergo carboplatin infusion without reaction. Patients with moderate
to life-threatening HSRs (grade 2 through 4) were 10.5 years younger at
initial CD than patients with grades 0 or 1 HSRs (52.3 vs. 63, P =
0.0307). One patient death occurred during her thirteenth
desensitization cycle. The HSR in this case was complicated by
pre-exisiting pulmonary hypertension.
Conclusions
This
is the largest study of its kind showing a safe, effective and rapid
(3.5 h) CD protocol. The majority of patients with a history of either
carboplatin hypersensitivity reaction or a positive skin test completed
the CD protocol without HSRs. Age was identified as a risk factor for
HSR severity during CD. Age can be employed along with pre-load
dependent cardiac conditions as a way to help risk stratify patients
undergoing CD.
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