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abstract: Incidence and survival rates of ovarian cancer in low-income women in Sudan
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the second most common
gynecological cancer worldwide. Little is known about the disease in
Sudan. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the incidence
rate, age and stage at diagnosis, and median survival time of patients
presenting at the National Cancer Institute‑University of Gezira
(NCI-UG), Sudan. Data were collected in a prospective study of women
with ovarian cancer over a period of eleven years of follow‑up (between
2000 and 2011). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the
distribution of the demographics of the sample. The direct method was
used to compute the age‑standardized rate (ASR) using data from the 1966
and 2000 World Standard Populations (WSPs). The Kaplan-Meier method was
used to estimate survival functions and the median survival time.
Log‑rank tests were used to statistically compare between the survival
functions. There were steady increases in ovarian cancer incidence rates
between 2000 and 2009, with a slight decline noted in 2010 and 2011.
The patients' age range was 9‑90. The age‑specific incidence rate
increased greatly in women aged 55 years or older. The majority of the
patients had stage III or IV disease. The annual ASR using WSPs 1966 and
2000 as standard populations were 3.3 and 3.7 per 100,000 women,
respectively. The median survival time was 31 months (95% confidence
interval, 19‑43). The 5‑year cumulative survival rate was 38%. In Sudan,
ovarian cancer affects postmenopausal women, akin to what is reported
in the developed world with high incidence rates. Presenting with
advanced stage disease is the predominant factor that results in a short
survival time for women.
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