OVARIAN CANCER and US

Tuesday, October 15, 2013

ASCO: Familial Gastric and Pancreatic Cancers: Diagnosis and Screening (note: brca/lynch syndrome/genetics/familial predisposition...)

open access (see also Table 1)

CONCLUSION

Although the vast majority of gastric and pancreatic cancers
are believed to be sporadic, up to 10% of cases are diagnosed
in individuals with a family history. Family history assessment,
including review of cancer diagnoses in fırst- and
second-degree relatives, should be a part of the evaluation
of every patient diagnosed with cancer. Although gastric
and pancreatic cancers can be seen in association with various
hereditary cancer syndromes, the yield of genetic testing
in patients without a family history remains low. In contrast
to screening for colorectal cancer, screening for gastric
and pancreatic cancers is not currently recommended
for most asymptomatic individuals. Although there is currently
insuffıcient evidence that screening reduces morbidity
or mortality from gastric or pancreatic cancers, it may be a
consideration for selected individuals who meet high-risk
criteria.

Quest to offer genetic test for breast cancer risk | Reuters

Quest

Doxil May Disappear From Market as Plant Closes (read the whole article)

Doxil

The ASCO Post: Herb-Drug Interactions in Oncology

Post

The ASCO Post: 10-Year Breast Cancer Survival Similar Regardless of BRCA1 Mutation Status

Post

The ASCO Post: Challenging and Changing the Standard of Care for Cervical and Ovarian Cancers

Post

October 15, 2013, Volume 4, Issue 16

About 1% of the breast and ovarian Spanish families testing negative for BRCA1 and BRCA2 are carriers of RAD51D pathogenic variants

Abstract

RAD51D mutations have been recently identified in breast (BC) and ovarian (OC) cancer families. Although an aetiological role in OC seems to be present, the association of RAD51D mutations and BC risk is more unclear. We aimed to determine the prevalence of germline RAD51D mutations in Spanish breast/ovarian cancer families negative for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations. We analyzed 842 index patients: 491 from BC/OC families, 171 BC families, 51 OC families, and 129 patients without family history but with early-onset BC or OC or metachronous BC and OC. Mutation detection was performed with HRM, DHPLC or Sanger sequencing. Three mutations were found in four families with BC and OC cases (0.82%). Two were novel: c.1A>T (p.Met1?) and c.667+2_667+23del, leading to the exon 7 skipping and one previously described: c.674C>T (p.Arg232*). All were present in BC/OC families with only one OC. The c.667+2_667+23del co-segregated in the family with one early onset BC and two bilateral BC cases. We also identified the c.629C>T (p.Ala210Val) variant, which was predicted in silico to be potentially pathogenic. About 1% of the BC and OC Spanish families negative for BRCA1/BRCA2 are carriers of RAD51D mutations. The presence of several BC mutation carriers, albeit in the context of familial OC, suggests an increased risk for BC, which should be taken into account in the follow-up and early detection measures. RAD51D testing should be considered in clinical setting for families with BC and OC, irrespective of the number of OC cases in the family

National Race to End Women's Cancer | movements Matter.

End Women's Cancer

LOGO

Don’t miss N.E.D’s GCAM weekend show at Penn Social in DC on Saturday, 11/2 at 6:30 p.m. $15 cover, tickets sold at door only.

2013 GCAM Courses: In addition to the National Race on Sunday, November 3, the 2013 Gynecologic Cancer Awareness Movement weekend will feature two FREE concurrent courses for survivors of ovarian and uterine cancer on Saturday, November 2, 2013. To register for the Ovarian Cancer Course, click here. To register for the Uterine Cancer Course, click here.

National Race to End Women's Cancer | movements Matter.

End Women's Cancer

LOGO

OncoArray Consortium Illumina Jacques Simard Université Laval

Ofunding/research news

2013-10-15

Montreal, QC -Hundreds of researchers from North America, Europe, Australia and Asia have joined together in a consortium to identify the genetic basis of the five most common forms of cancer - breast, prostate, lung, ovarian and colorectal. The group, called the OncoArray Consortium (Illumina), developed a new customized genotyping tool - the OncoArray - manufactured by the US genomics firm Illumina.
Among other projects, the results will be used for a Québec-based project aiming to improve the early detection of breast cancer. The project is led by Université Laval professor, Jacques Simard.
"The US National Cancer Institute (NCI)-funded Genetic Associations and Mechanisms of Oncology (GAME-ON) initiative has been instrumental in bringing together multiple consortia and provides primary funding for the OncoArray Consortium. It allowed us to design a custom array that incorporates some 530,000 markers, which is planned for genotyping on over 425,000 samples from patients with one of the five types of cancer and control subjects from around the world.....

""The OncoArray will allow us to enhance our current understanding of the genetic factors associated with the risk of multiple cancers," said Douglas Easton, a Cancer Research UK funded professor of University of Cambridge (United Kingdom). "We are proud to be involved in this international initiative, which will significantly accelerate the pace of discovery and lead to a greater understanding of a disease that affects one in three people," he continued.......

$13.6M funding for cancer research from Terry Fox Foundation

Terry Fox funding news

"Dr. David Huntsman's team, at the BC Cancer Agency in Vancouver is studying rare cancers – sarcomas and uterine/ovarian cancers with the aim to unlocking their genetic mutations, so that those, and eventually more common cancers, will be treated more successfully. "Rare tumours offer some real advantages because they tend to be more homogeneous [similar in structure], so it's easier to find what mutation is actually causing that cancer," said Dr. Huntsman, a pathologist and medical director at the Centre for Translational and Applied Genomics. "These cancers can also be keys to unlocking biology which is important for other more common cancers.""

The Patient Voice A Value Game Changer :: Canada

Longwoods.com

Essays

Informed consent for exome sequencing in diagnostics: exploring first experiences and views of professionals and patients

abstract

Next generation sequencing is increasingly being chosen as a diagnostic tool for cases of expected genetic, but unresolved origin. The consequential increased need for decisions on disclosure of unsolicited findings poses a challenge for the informed consent procedure. This study explored the first experiences with, and needs for, the informed consent procedure in diagnostic exome sequencing, with the stakeholders involved.

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 professional experts and one professional gave a written response. Furthermore, the counseling process was observed in three cases where exome sequencing was offered, followed by interviews with the patient (representative) and the genetic counselor.

The respondents preferred an opt-out for unsolicited findings but also identified many challenges and therefore more experiences with exome sequencing was considered needed. Context-dependent decision-making was observed and an Advisory Board for unsolicited findings was considered helpful but doubts were raised about the feasibility and the possibility of undermining patients’ autonomy. Finally, respondents brought up the complexity of information provision, and division of responsibilities between clinicians and the lab.

These challenges and needs raised by stakeholders involved provide more insight in the next steps needed for an optimal informed consent procedure for exome sequencing in diagnostics.

Evolution of Clinical Trial Design in Early Drug Development: Systematic Review of Expansion Cohort Use in Single-Agent Phase I Cancer Trials

abstract

Purpose To evaluate the use and objectives of expansion cohorts in phase I cancer trials and to explore trial characteristics associated with their use.

Methods We performed a systematic review of MEDLINE and EMBASE, limiting studies to single-agent phase I trials recruiting adults and published after 2006. Eligibility assessment and data extraction were performed by two reviewers. Data were assessed descriptively, and associations were tested by univariable and multivariable logistic regression.

Results We identified 611 unique phase I cancer trials, of which 149 (24%) included an expansion cohort. The trials were significantly more likely to use an expansion cohort if they were published more recently, were multicenter, or evaluated a noncytotoxic agent. Objectives of the expansion cohort were reported in 74% of trials. In these trials, safety (80%), efficacy (45%), pharmacokinetics (28%), pharmacodynamics (23%), and patient enrichment (14%) were cited as objectives. Among expansion cohorts with safety objectives, the recommended phase II dose was modified in 13% and new toxicities were described in 54% of trials. Among trials aimed at assessing efficacy, only 11% demonstrated antitumor activity assessed by response criteria that was not previously observed during dose escalation.

Conclusion The utilization of expansion cohorts has increased with time. Safety and efficacy are common objectives, but 26% fail to report explicit aims. Expansion cohorts may provide useful supplementary data for phase I trials, particularly with regard to toxicity and definition of recommended dose for phase II studies.

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Friday, October 18, 2013

Editorial

News & Views

Clinical Trial Commentary

Preliminary Communication

Research Article

Review

Acknowledgements

Wednesday, October 16, 2013

The complete article is available as a provisional PDF. The fully formatted PDF and HTML versions are in production.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

The complete article is available as a provisional PDF. The fully formatted PDF and HTML versions are in production.

Tuesday, October 15, 2013

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