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Abstract
Hereditary
non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is an inherited multiorgan
cancer syndrome, which when caused by a germline mutation in the
mismatch repair (MMR) genes is known as Lynch syndrome (LS). Mutation
carriers are at risk for developing cancers primarily in the colon,
rectum and endometrium, but also other extra-colonic cancers. Urinary tract cancers (UTC) have in many studies been reported increased in LS
and it has been discussed among researchers and clinicians whether or
not screening for urological tumours should be included in the
surveillance programme and if so what screening procedures are
justifiable. The aim of this review was to elucidate the present
knowledge from the literature on the risk of UTC in LS and highlight the
pros and cons of screening for asymptomatic neoplasia in the urinary
tract. The review is based on a systematic literature search in PubMed
database followed by a reference list of retrieved articles and manual
searches of further relevant articles. In conclusion there is a moderate
increased risk of UTC in LS, but a tremendous lack of knowledge on
which screening programme, if any at all to establish, and if so what
procedures and time intervals are appropriate.
It is recommended that all eventually screening for UTC in LS, only should be performed in clinical trials or with a systematic reporting to a HNPCC-register for future evaluation.
It is recommended that all eventually screening for UTC in LS, only should be performed in clinical trials or with a systematic reporting to a HNPCC-register for future evaluation.
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