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Abstract
Cancer Causes Control
Purpose
Extensive
data in White women have linked oral contraceptive use, tubal ligation,
and parity to reduced risk of ovarian cancer; results on postmenopausal
female hormone use are mixed. Few studies, all of which are
case–control studies, have been undertaken among Black women. The aim of
the present study was to prospectively assess associations of
reproductive factors and exogenous hormones with ovarian cancer among
Black women.
Methods
During
follow-up from 1995 to 2013 in the Black Women’s Health Study, a
prospective cohort study, 115 incident cases of ovarian cancer were
identified. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate
hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the relation
of the factors of interest to risk of ovarian cancer, with control for
covariates.
Result
Oral
contraceptive use was inversely associated with ovarian cancer risk:
The HR for ≥10 years of use relative to <1 year was 0.50. For postmenopausal female hormone use, the HRs for ever use
of estrogen with progestin and of estrogen alone were 1.37 (0.73–2.55)
and 1.66 (0.90–3.07), respectively. The HRs for parity and tubal
ligation were below 1.0, but were not statistically significant.
Conclusion
Overall,
the findings indicate that the relation of reproductive factors and
exogenous hormone use to risk of ovarian cancer is similar among Black
and White women. The results on estrogen-only supplements and estrogen
with progestin supplements add to evidence from Whites, indicating that
use of hormone supplements may be associated with increased risk of
ovarian cancer.
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