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insurance status was not significant
Cancer history.
Cancer
survivor status was assessed through the question, “Have you ever been
told by a doctor or other health professional that you had cancer or a
malignancy of any kind?” A positive response was followed by an
opportunity to specify
up to three different cancer diagnoses.
Respondents were asked their age at the time of each cancer diagnosis.
All cancer survivors were postdiagnosis, but some could have been
receiving cancer treatment at the time of the survey.
Among cancer survivors, if more than one cancer was reported, we chose
the cancer type corresponding to the most recent cancer diagnosis in our
analysis.....Consistent with previous research, cancers with a relative 5-year
survival of < 25% (ie, esophagus, liver, gall bladder, lung,
pancreas, and stomach) were combined as “short survival cancers.”23
Among cancer survivors, the lowest percentages of medication use for
anxiety (ie, < 10%) were seen in those with a history of prostate
cancer, whereas the highest rates (ie, > 20%) were seen in survivors
who were 40 to 64 years old, those who were never married, and those who
had a history of ovarian, uterine, or short survival cancers.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
WEDNESDAY, Oct. 26, 2016 -- Treatment for
depression and
anxiety is nearly twice as common among U.S.
cancer survivors as it is for those who never had the disease, a new study finds.
Among more than 3,000 adult cancer survivors, 19 percent reported
taking medication for anxiety, depression or both, researchers found.
But when the research team looked at nearly 45,000 adults with no
history of cancer, they found just one in 10 used these medications.
"Overall, these findings are sobering," said lead researcher Nikki
Hawkins, a behavioral scientist at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention.
"We've come a long way in treating cancer medically, but these data
tell us
cancer can take a serious psychological and emotional toll for
many years, even after treatment is complete," she said.
Hawkins said it's remarkable that nearly one in five cancer survivors
is taking medications for anxiety and depression. This adds up to
approximately 2.5 million survivors in the United States taking these
drugs, she said.
"We know very little about how or when these rates got so high,
whether these survivors' mental health needs are being adequately
treated, and how these rates of medication use will affect survivors'
health and well-being in the long run," Hawkins said.
The findings show it's not only newer cancer patients using
medications to manage distress. Survivors who were a decade or more past
their cancer diagnosis are also using these medications at a rate about
double the general population, she said.
The American Cancer Society said it was unaware of this high rate of mental health treatment.
"
This is important information that we didn't have before," said
Kevin Stein, vice president of the cancer society's Behavioral Research
Center.
Anxiety and depression can have a significant effect on a patient's quality of life "and even survival," he said.
"We can manage anxiety and depression with a combination of medications and interventions like
stress management training," Stein said.
However, "we need to do a better job of understanding who's at risk
for anxiety and depression, and we need to intervene early," Stein said.
He added that physicians can screen patients for anxiety and
depression simply by asking, "How distressed are you?" Then they can
refer patients to appropriate mental health services, Stein said.
"It should be asked about at every visit," he added.
Patients also should speak up, Stein said. "It's not uncommon to feel
anxious or depressed after you have cancer, but it's OK to ask your
doctor for help."
That's how you can learn about options for support and treatment, Hawkins said.
"Survivors might feel uneasy or stigmatized talking about the toll
cancer takes on their emotions, but their psychological health is as
important as their physical health and deserves the same level of
attention," she said.
Using data from the U.S. National Health Interview Survey for 2010 to
2013, Hawkins and her colleagues analyzed more than 48,000 records to
estimate the number of cancer survivors taking medication for anxiety or
depression.
Patients most likely to use antidepressants included those under 65,
whites, people with public insurance and a usual source for medical
care, and those with multiple chronic health conditions, the researchers
found.
The report was published Oct. 26 in the
Journal of Clinical Oncology (
open access).
The researchers cautioned that because these statistics were
self-reported, information about when patients started taking medication
or how long they took it isn't known. It is also not known if the
patients were diagnosed with an
anxiety disorder or depression.
What is known is this: "We clearly have more work to do to better
understand and treat the psychological and emotional burdens of cancer
in addition to the physical effects of the disease," Hawkins said.
open access link: JCO Use of Medications for Treating Anxiety and Depression in Cancer Survivors in the United States